Steam or gas turbine.



K. RDR. y STEAM'OR GAS TIIRBINE. APPLICATION 'FILED NU! 1. 1915 PatentedJune 6,' 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEEI l.

IIIIII t! K. R'DER.

STEAM OR GAS TURBiNt. APPLICATION- HLED JULY l, 1915.

1,186 3 8. l Pateted June 6, 1916 5 SHEETS S HEET 2.

K. RDER.

STEAM OR GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED ]ULY l. 19l5.

5 SHEETS-SEET 4."

1 ,186,438 Patented June 6, 1916.

K. R'DER.

STEAM OH GA`S TURBINE.

APFLICATION FILED JULY l. 1915.

Patened June 6, 191 6.

5 SHEETST-SHEET 5.

HEM EE KARL BDEB, OF MLHEm-oN-TBE-RUHB, GEBMANY.

STEAM OR! GAS TURBINE.

Speeiflcation of Letters ?utenti Patented-une 6, 1918..

A lication filed Jul 1, 1915. seriarofsaso.

'- :To all wlzom it may concern Be it known tht I, KARL RDER, a citizenof the German Empire, residing at Goethe- 'platz 3,Miilheim-on-the-Ruhr, Germany,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or GasTurbines,`of

'which the following is a specication.

Turbines having drum shaped shafts have .the advantage. overwheeled'turbines that their shafts have considrably more stability, thecritical number of revolutions there of being considerably higher thanthe number of revolutions during ordinary running. For heavy, loads andhigh speed, however, these turbines are not suitable on account of thehigh strain on the drum. The proposition of subdividing the drum in suchcases into separate Wheels leads to constructions which have thedisadvantages peculiar to wheeled turbines.

Through the present invention drum turbines are made suitable for highspeed, While still retaining their advantages. In accordance with thepresent invention blade Carriers are built in between the drum and theends of the shaft, and in the case of double turbines, also between thetwo drums, which blade Carriers are constructed as disks of highperipheral Speed. The requirement for these high peripheral speeds inthe last stages only, is on account of thehigh specific volume of thesteam, and when required in the first stage, it is in order to keep thepres sure and t'emperature in the housing as low as possible. In themiddle-pressure portion, the drums may retain a low peripheral speed andSmall diameters as full admission of Stcam or gas is intended. Throughthis new construction an extraordinarily rigid rotor is provided; thelimits for constructing such turbines Will be placed higher by means ofthe corresponding formation of the disks without center boring thanthose of wheeled turbihes with through going shaft and bored disks. t

In the accompanying drawings which show several embodiments of the newdrum tul-bine with two or three drum bottoms constructed as diskswithout central boring, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of such a'turbine having a single drum and a disk at each end. Fig. 2 is asimilar view of two drums with end dlSkS and a central dlsk between thetwo drums. Fig. 3 is a similar view of a drum having double disksclosing one end. Fig. 4, a single drum with a disk at each end' providedwith integral journals, Flg. 5, a construction similar to Fig. 4, em-

bodying two disks at one end of the drum,

the out er `one of said disks having &n integral ournal thereon and Fig.6, en em bodiment of the invention in which the -e ments ofFig. 1 areaugmented by additio iel elements which adapt the engine for high speedrunning, both forward and backward, and thus render it suitable for suchuses as the propulsion of ships. 4

The rotating portion of the machine is, in Fig. 1, composed of the druma, the disks b and G, and the shaft journals d. The high pressure blades6 and the low pressure blades g are seoured on the disks while themiddle pressure blades f are secured onthe drum itself.

The modification disclosed in Fig. 2 differs from the one described, inthat the disk Z) is' situated centrally between two (lrums a and enddisks 0.

In Fig. 3 a further embodiment of the in- Vention is disclosed in whichthe low pres sure blades. g which exercise the highest centrifugalforce', are secured to' two disks 0 and (3 attached to the end of thedrum. The disks of this embodimentbeing also without central borings'aresuitable for the construction of Wheels eXposed to high Stress.

The construction of the drum turbines may also be accomplished by makingthe disks or one portion of the disks in one piece with the adjacent endof the shaft, thereby accomplishing a simplification in construction.Fig. 4 shows such a modification of the invention. The disks serving asCarriers for c the high pressure blades 6 and the low pressure blades 7are not, in this case, secured by screws to the journals d, but thejournals are here shown as central projections on the cehtral solidportions of the disks ?J and c, respectively.

The difference in the construction disclosed in Fig. 5 is that thesimilarly constructed journal (l is integral with only the outer one a,of the Carriers for the low pressure blades while the other disk 0 ismade without any such projecton.

Fig. 6 shows the employment of the invention in connection with turbinesSuch as those which, when put into use: are made to act 'through Wheelgears, to drive Shippropellers and which therefore must be constructedfor great output and high Speed of rerolution' and arranged both forforward and backward running. In addition to the members described inconnection. With Fig. l and designated by the same letters of referencehere, the high pressure disk b and the drum a are provided for the&Stern turbine Which disk and Which drum are fitted with the blades e,and f, respectively. As 'the astern turbine is built for a smaller out'put InoStly than the forward turbine, a low pressure disk for the asternturbine is not provided in the modification represented in this figureof the drawing.

I claim:-

1. In a turbine, a rotor Comprising a drum having pressure bladesarranged thereupon and a disk, carrying not more than two rows ofperipherally attached low pressure blades, fixed to the lOW pressure endof the drum So as to constitute a head therefor, Said disk being,further, of greater diameter than the drum and the shaft being dividedSo that the drum lies between its inner ends.

2. In a turbine, a rotor comprising a drum having pressure bladesarranged thereupon and a disk, carrying not more than two rows ofperipherally attached low pressure blades, fixed to the low pressure endof the drum SO as to constitutea head therefor, said disk being ofgreater diameter than the drum and having its central part extended onthe side away from the drum to constitute one end of the shaft. 7

The foregoing Specification'signed at Barlnen this 15 (lay of April,1915.

KARL RDEITL\ [L.S.] III pl'esence Of- HELEN NUFER, A BERT NUFER.

